diff --git a/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/BasePackage.java b/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/BasePackage.java
index d194d58219e4d6e254e1bcf4bd625683cae1121f..13458cab6101bc8ffaf836f50d4fe4fb782b79e2 100644
--- a/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/BasePackage.java
+++ b/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/BasePackage.java
@@ -552,6 +552,7 @@ public class BasePackage extends RBuiltinPackage {
         add(RawFunctions.CharToRaw.class, RawFunctionsFactory.CharToRawNodeGen::create);
         add(RawFunctions.RawToChar.class, RawFunctionsFactory.RawToCharNodeGen::create);
         add(RawFunctions.RawShift.class, RawFunctionsFactory.RawShiftNodeGen::create);
+        add(RawToBits.class, RawToBitsNodeGen::create);
         add(NumericalFunctions.Re.class, NumericalFunctionsFactory.ReNodeGen::create);
         add(ReadDCF.class, ReadDCFNodeGen::create);
         add(ReadREnviron.class, ReadREnvironNodeGen::create);
diff --git a/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/RawToBits.java b/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/RawToBits.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ec205c198a4bf9870dc143127a22bf4188ece51a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/nodes/builtin/base/RawToBits.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin.base;
+
+import static com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.builtins.RBehavior.PURE;
+import static com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.builtins.RBuiltinKind.INTERNAL;
+
+import com.oracle.truffle.api.dsl.Specialization;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin.CastBuilder;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin.CastBuilder.Predef;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.nodes.builtin.RBuiltinNode;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.RError;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.builtins.RBuiltin;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.data.RDataFactory;
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.runtime.data.model.RAbstractRawVector;
+
+@RBuiltin(name = "rawToBits", kind = INTERNAL, parameterNames = {"x"}, behavior = PURE)
+public abstract class RawToBits extends RBuiltinNode {
+
+    @Override
+    protected void createCasts(CastBuilder casts) {
+        casts.arg("x").mustNotBeNull(RError.SHOW_CALLER, RError.Message.ARGUMENT_MUST_BE_RAW_VECTOR, "x").mustBe(Predef.rawValue(), RError.SHOW_CALLER,
+                        RError.Message.ARGUMENT_MUST_BE_RAW_VECTOR, "x");
+    }
+
+    @Specialization
+    protected RAbstractRawVector rawToBits(RAbstractRawVector x) {
+        byte[] result = new byte[8 * x.getLength()];
+        int pos = 0;
+        for (int j = 0; j < x.getLength(); j++) {
+            byte temp = x.getRawDataAt(j);
+            for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+                result[pos++] = (byte) (temp & 1);
+                temp >>= 1;
+            }
+        }
+        return RDataFactory.createRawVector(result);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/ExpectedTestOutput.test b/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/ExpectedTestOutput.test
index 7de3eb01f6607e1aedcd5ff965a1b2573b5b5109..16c87fde481a0f8f4542f4f9f6f1e188b815b816 100644
--- a/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/ExpectedTestOutput.test
+++ b/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/ExpectedTestOutput.test
@@ -41162,6 +41162,186 @@ Error in rawShift(x = as.raw(c(0x00, 0x01, 0x20, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff, 0x7b :
 Error in rawShift(x = as.raw(c(0x00, 0x01, 0x20, 0x7f, 0x80, 0xff, 0x7b :
   argument 'shift' must be a small integer
 
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits('a')
+Error in rawToBits("a") : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(01)
+Error in rawToBits(1) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(0:255)
+Error in rawToBits(0:255) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(NA)
+Error in rawToBits(NA) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(NULL)
+Error in rawToBits(NULL) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(0))
+[1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(0:255))
+   [1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00
+  [25] 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 00
+  [49] 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00
+  [73] 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 00
+  [97] 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 00
+ [121] 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00
+ [145] 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00
+ [169] 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 00
+ [193] 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00
+ [217] 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 00
+ [241] 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00
+ [265] 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00
+ [289] 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00
+ [313] 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00
+ [337] 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00
+ [361] 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00
+ [385] 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00
+ [409] 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00
+ [433] 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00
+ [457] 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00
+ [481] 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00
+ [505] 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00
+ [529] 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00
+ [553] 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00
+ [577] 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00
+ [601] 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00
+ [625] 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00
+ [649] 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00
+ [673] 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00
+ [697] 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00
+ [721] 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00
+ [745] 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00
+ [769] 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00
+ [793] 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00
+ [817] 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00
+ [841] 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00
+ [865] 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00
+ [889] 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00
+ [913] 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00
+ [937] 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00
+ [961] 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00
+ [985] 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00
+[1009] 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01
+[1033] 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01
+[1057] 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01
+[1081] 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01
+[1105] 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01
+[1129] 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01
+[1153] 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01
+[1177] 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01
+[1201] 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01
+[1225] 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01
+[1249] 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01
+[1273] 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01
+[1297] 00 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 00 01
+[1321] 01 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01
+[1345] 00 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 01
+[1369] 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01
+[1393] 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01
+[1417] 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01
+[1441] 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01
+[1465] 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01
+[1489] 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01
+[1513] 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01
+[1537] 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 01
+[1561] 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01
+[1585] 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 00 01 01
+[1609] 01 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01
+[1633] 00 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01
+[1657] 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01
+[1681] 00 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 00 01 01
+[1705] 01 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01
+[1729] 00 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 00 01 01
+[1753] 01 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01
+[1777] 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01
+[1801] 01 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01
+[1825] 00 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 00 00 01 01 01
+[1849] 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01
+[1873] 00 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 00 00 01 01 00 01 01 01
+[1897] 01 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01
+[1921] 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 00 01 01 01 01
+[1945] 01 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01
+[1969] 00 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01
+[1993] 01 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01
+[2017] 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
+[2041] 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(1))
+[1] 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(1)[1])
+[1] 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(255))
+[1] 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(as.raw(c(0,1,255)))
+ [1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(c(NULL))
+Error in rawToBits(c(NULL)) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(c(as.raw(1), as.raw(255)))
+ [1] 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 01 01 01 01
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(double(0))
+Error in rawToBits(double(0)) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(environment)
+Error in rawToBits(environment) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(integer(0))
+Error in rawToBits(integer(0)) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(list(NULL))
+Error in rawToBits(list(NULL)) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(list(list()))
+Error in rawToBits(list(list())) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(new.env())
+Error in rawToBits(new.env()) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(raw(0))
+raw(0)
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(raw(0), raw(1))
+Error in rawToBits(raw(0), raw(1)) : unused argument (raw(1))
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(raw(10))
+ [1] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+[26] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+[51] 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
+[76] 00 00 00 00 00
+
+##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToBits.testRawToBits#
+#rawToBits(stdout())
+Error in rawToBits(stdout()) : argument 'x' must be a raw vector
+
 ##com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins.TestBuiltin_rawToChar.testrawToChar1#
 #argv <- structure(list(x = as.raw(c(115, 116, 114, 105, 110,     103))), .Names = 'x');do.call('rawToChar', argv)
 [1] "string"
diff --git a/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/builtins/TestBuiltin_rawToBits.java b/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/builtins/TestBuiltin_rawToBits.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c8f0a4c56f73c0e74f542fcc942964bbbe25d610
--- /dev/null
+++ b/com.oracle.truffle.r.test/src/com/oracle/truffle/r/test/builtins/TestBuiltin_rawToBits.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+ * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
+ * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
+ * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
+ * accompanied this code).
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
+ * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+ * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ *
+ * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
+ * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
+ * questions.
+ */
+package com.oracle.truffle.r.test.builtins;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.oracle.truffle.r.test.TestBase;
+
+// Checkstyle: stop line length check
+public class TestBuiltin_rawToBits extends TestBase {
+
+    @Test
+    public void testRawToBits() {
+        assertEval("rawToBits(raw(0))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(raw(10))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(0))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(1))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(255))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(c(as.raw(1), as.raw(255)))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(raw(0), raw(1))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(0:255))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(c(0,1,255)))");
+
+        assertEval("rawToBits(as.raw(1)[1])");
+
+        assertEval("rawToBits(0:255)");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(NA)");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(NULL)");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(list(list()))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(list(NULL))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(c(NULL))");
+
+        assertEval("rawToBits(integer(0))");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(double(0))");
+
+        assertEval("rawToBits(01)");
+        assertEval("rawToBits('a')");
+
+        assertEval("rawToBits(new.env())");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(environment)");
+        assertEval("rawToBits(stdout())");
+    }
+}